Bihar’s superfood, water fruit Makhana (fox nut), is now making its presence felt not only in India but across the world. After state government initiatives, the Central Government has also stepped in to promote branding and support for Makhana, boosting hopes for farmers and traders engaged in this sector.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised Makhana during the Purnia rally, calling it an emerging superfood. With the joint efforts of the state and central governments, there are new possibilities for the growth of this sector.
Currently, Makhana is cultivated in about 40,000–45,000 hectares across Bihar, producing nearly 70,000 tonnes annually. Districts like Darbhanga, Madhubani, Supaul, Araria, Kishanganj, Purnia, Katihar, Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur, and East Champaran are the key producers. About 50% of Bihar’s farmers are associated with Makhana farming, giving the state an important position in the global market.
Exports of Makhana
Bihar’s Makhana is exported the most to America, followed by Nepal, Canada, Japan, Australia, and European countries. Demand for Makhana is growing due to its use in healthy snacks.
Opportunities
Experts believe that Makhana could bring a new agricultural revolution in Bihar. After state support, central involvement will help overcome obstacles in cultivation, processing, and marketing. Demand for Makhana-based products such as snacks, flour, and powder is rising in both domestic and international markets. This can significantly increase farmer incomes.
Challenges
Despite its potential, Makhana cultivation faces challenges like:
Shortage of skilled labor.
Outdated farming techniques.
Problems in drying, packaging, and supply chains.
Limited mechanization.
Lack of global-level branding.
Reports highlight that unless modern techniques are widely adopted, Makhana will face hurdles in reaching its full potential.
Future Plans
The government is working towards creating a Makhana Board to boost exports, branding, and product diversification. The aim is to increase production and achieve ₹6,000 crore worth of trade by 2025–26.
With new branding initiatives, Bihar’s Makhana is set to establish itself as a global superfood in the coming years.
